首页|氮密互作对旱作马铃薯光合特性、干物质积累及产量的影响

氮密互作对旱作马铃薯光合特性、干物质积累及产量的影响

Effects of nitrogen-dense interaction on photosynthetic characteristics,dry matter accumulation and yield of dryland potatoes

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为筛选陇中旱农区马铃薯适宜的施氮量和种植密度,以'陇薯 16 号'为供试品种,设置 2 个施氮量:200 kg·hm-2(N1)和 300 kg·hm-2(N2),3 个种植密度:3.75(D1)、5.25(D2)、6.75(D3)万株·hm-2,共 6 个处理,分析不同施氮量和种植密度对马铃薯光合特性、干物质积累与产量的影响.结果表明:在淀粉积累期,N1D2 处理叶面积指数较N1D1 处理提高 11.91％;在块茎膨大期,N1D2 处理Rubisco活性较N1D3 处理提高9.05％;块茎膨大期和淀粉积累期,N1D2 处理的叶片光合速率、蒸腾速率和气孔导度最大,两个时期干物质积累量较其他处理分别提高 5.29％～31.12％和 8.82％～27.49％;N1D2 处理下产量和净收益最高,2022 年分别较其他处理提高 6.14％～36.21％和 5.13％～169.16％,2023 年分别较其他处理提高4.11％～29.46％和21.56％～76.55％.在陇中旱农区,'陇薯16 号'生产中推荐施氮量为 200 kg·hm-2,种植密度为 5.25 万株·hm-2,能够保证马铃薯产量,同时提高其经济效益.
In order to select suitable nitrogen application rates and planting densities for the green and sustain-able production of dryland potatoes in dryland farming area of central Gansu.In this study,'Longshu 16'was se-lected as the test potato variety.Two nitrogen application rates 200 kg·hm-2(N1)and 300 kg·hm-2(N2)and three planting densities 37 500 plants·hm-2(D1),52 500 plants·hm-2(D2),and 67 500 plants·hm-2(D3)were used,resulting in a total of six treatments.The effects of these treatments on the photosynthetic characteristics,dry matter accumulation,and yield of'Longshu 16'were examined.The results showed that the leaf area index of N1D2 treatment was 11.91％higher than that of N1D1 treatment during starch accumulation stage.At the tuber swelling stage,the activity of Rubisco enzyme in N1D2 treatment was increased by 9.05％com-pared with N1D3 treatment.From tuber swelling stage to starch accumulation stage,the photosynthetic rate,transpi-ration rate and stomatal conductance of leaves in N1D2 treatment were the largest,and the dry matter accumulation was increased by 5.29％～31.12％and 8.82％～27.49％,respectively,compared with other treatments.The yield and economic benefits were the highest under N1D2 treatment.In 2022,it increased by 6.14％～36.21％and 5.13％～169.16％compared with other treatments,and in 2023,it increased by 4.11％～29.46％and 21.56％～76.55％.The recommended nitrogen application rate for'Longshu 16'production in the Longzhong arid agricultural region is 200 kg·hm-2,with a planting density of 52 500 plants·hm-2.This combination can enhance economic benefits while maintaining yield.

dryland potatonitrogen-dense interactionphotosynthetic propertiesdry matter accumulationyield

王春艳、孟浩峰、李玲玲、谢军红、王林林、刘秉鑫、田鑫、包小燕

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甘肃农业大学农学院/甘肃省干旱生境作物学国家重点实验室,甘肃 兰州 730070

旱作马铃薯 氮密互作 光合特性 干物质积累 产量

甘肃省青年科技基金计划项目省部共建干旱生境作物学国家重点实验室开放基金甘肃农业大学公招博士科研启动基金甘肃省教育厅—优秀研究生"创新之星"项目

23JRRA1437GSCS-2022-04GAU-KYQD-2021-432023CXZX-650

2024

10.7606/j.issn.1000-7601.2024.05.12

干旱地区农业研究
西北农林科技大学

干旱地区农业研究

CSTPCD北大核心
影响因子：1.021
ISSN：1000-7601
年,卷(期)：2024.42(5)
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