Effects of cropping patterns on crop yields and interspecific relationships in intercropping systems
In order to explore the efficient and reasonable planting pattern in the northern dry-crop area,maize and hairy-leaved camas were selected as materials for the field experiment,which was conducted in a completely randomized block design,combining rotational cropping and continuous cropping with intercropping and monocrop-ping.Six experimental treatments were set up:maize rotation and monocropping,hairy vetch rotation and mono-cropping,maize continuous and monocropping,hairy vetch continuous and monocropping,maize/hairy vetch rota-tion and intercropping(maize rotational intercropping,hairy vetch rotational intercropping),and maize/hairy vetch continuous and intercropping(maize continuous and intercropping,hairy vetch rotational and intercropping).The response of crop yields to changes in cropping patterns,and the effects of crop rotation and succession on interspe-cific relationships and biodiversity effects in intercropping systems was examined.The results showed that crop rota-tion significantly increased the yield of hairy vetch by 12.66％～21.11％,compared to continuous cropping under the same cropping pattern.Under the same cropping system,intercropping significantly increased maize yield by 21.92％～26.66％and reduced hairy vetch yield by 7.46％～16.43％compared to monocropping.The land equiva-lent ratios of the intercropping systems in different cropping patterns ranged from 1.04 to 1.09 and there was a yield advantage of intercropping over monocropping.The biased land equivalent ratio of maize was greater than that of maize,and the intensity of crop competition was less than 0.Therefore,interspecific competition was greater than intraspecific competition in the intercropping system,and maize was the dominant crop in the intercropping.Chan-ging the cropping system from continuous cropping to rotational cropping could shift the biodiversity effect driving yield and efficiency gains in maize and hairy vetch intercropping systems from a selection effect to a shift toward a complementary effect by significantly reducing interspecific competition.By analysing the correlation between biodi-versity effects and crop yield increases,it was concluded that both complementary effect and net effect were signifi-cantly and positively correlated with yield increases in hairy vetch,and that yield advantages in intercropping sys-tems stemmed from yield enhancement of the disadvantaged crops in the system.In summary,implementing the maize/hairy-leaved camas rotational intercropping system in the dry farming regions of Jinzhong,Shanxi Province enhanced land productivity by changing the competitive dynamics between crop species,demonstrating significant value for local agricultural practices.
万方数据
维普
