Chemical characteristics and evolutionary mechanism of karst groundwater under the influence of coal mining
The Heilongdong Spring area is located in the southwest of Handan,Hebei province,China,which is one of the major karst spring groups in the northern China,and also an important coal mining are.Its groundwater chemical characteristics are the important factors affecting the quality of water environment in Handan area.In order to fully understand the chemical characteristics and evolution mechanism of groundwater under coal mining conditions,the chemical characteristics of groundwater western and eastern regions were analyzed by multivariate statistical analysis and hydrogeochemical analysis,and the dominant factors controlling the chemical evolution of groundwater were discussed.The results show that the main anionic and cationic components in the groundwater in the study area are HCO3 and Ca2+,and the content of the main chemical components in the groundwater in the eastern zone is generally higher than that in the western zone.The groundwater chemical types in the western and eastern regions are mainly HCO3·SO4-Ca·Mg,while the groundwater in the eastern region has a higher content of SO4-,and some water samples are SO4·HCO3-Ca and SO4·HCO3-Ca·Mg.Rock weathering is the main factor controlling the chemical composition of groundwater in the study area,and the weathering dissolution of carbonate rock is the main factor,and the excessive SO4-content is due to the oxidation of sulfide and the dissolution of gypsum in coal-bearing strata.The ion exchange reaction is also an important process that affects the chemical composition of water,and positive ion exchange is stronger.Human activities,especially coal mining and agricultural activities,also affect the chemical evolution of groundwater in the study area to a certain extent.The results of the study not only provide theoretical support for the safety of domestic,industrial and agricultural water use in the area,but also have important reference significance for the study of the evolution of groundwater chemical composition in the northern karst area under the influence of intensive human activities.
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