Comparative study on anatomical and physiological characteristics and cold resistance of 8 almond varieties
To assess the cold resistance of eight almond varieties introduced into Gansu,we conducted experiments using the annual seedling as test materials.various physiological indices of different varieties were measured under six low-temperature gradients,logistic equations were used to calculate the half-lethal temperatures,and principal component analysis was applied to comprehensively evaluate the cold tolerance of each variety.This study aims to provide a theoretical basis for selecting and cultivating the cold-resistant varieties of almond in Gansu.The results show that the anatomical structure of both leaf and branch tissues varies among different varieties.Palisade tissue,palisade/spongy ratio,and leaf compactness are positively correlated with cold tolerance.The half-lethal temperatures of the varieties range from-21.43 to-11.23 ℃,with the branches of'Nonpareil','Sonora'and'Monterey'tolerating low temperatures around-18℃,while the branches of'Jinbian 1'and'Prius'tolerating low temperatures around-11℃.The activities of superoxide dismutase,peroxidase and catalase in branches under low-temperature stress show a general trend of increasing and then decreasing.Malondialdehyde,soluble sugar and protein contents show a trend to increase and then decrease with the temperature decreasing.Proline content shows an overall gradual increasing trend.In conclusion,the physiological indexes and microstructural observations at different treatment temperatures show that superoxide dismutase,protein content,palisade tissue,spongy tissue,and cortical thickness are the important indexes affecting the strength of cold resistance of almond.The comprehensive evaluation indicates that the strength of cold resistance in 8 varieties is in the following order:'Nonpareil'＞'Sonora'＞'Monterey'＞'Jinbian 2'＞'Padre'＞'Jiazhou 1'＞'Prius'＞'Jinbian 1'.
almondlow temperature stresscold resistanceparaffin sectionprincipal component analysis
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