Transboundary water allocation:the U.S.-Mexico legal mechanism and its inspirations for China and Kazakhstan
Global climate change and increasing water consumption continue to exacerbate transboundary water conflicts among/between countries,especially when they involve arid and/or semi-arid regions.Establishing and/or improving a legal mechanism for transboundary water allocation is an important approach to address this issue.The United States of America and the United Mexican States have accumulated a number of experiences and lessons in doing this during nearly 120 years that could be learned by China and Kazakhstan.In order to discuss the U.S.-Mexico's value for China and Kazakhstan in terms of experience and lessons,the research methods of historical,comparative and textual analysis are employed,and the U.S.-Mexico legal mechanism in terms of its evolution and core content is sort out.It is found that,the following four aspects of U.S.-Mexico experiences could be taken by China and Kazakhstan,i.e.,progressive legislative strategy,integrated management organization,combination of rigid and elastic allocation measures,and a large number of necessary hard and soft engineering.While three aspects of the lessons could be learned by China and Kazakhstan,i.e.,lack of systematicity of supporting legislations,insufficient attention to eco-environment by the joint organization,and existence of a greater risk of imbalance in the U.S.-Mexico water allocation.
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