Effect of landscape pattern change on bird diversity in Shapotou National Nature Reserve of Zhongwei,Ningxia
The study on the effects of landscape pattern change on bird distribution and diversity is vital to the conservation of bird habitats.So,in this paper,the bird diversity data reported in the three phase of scientific research reports in Shapotou National Nature Reserve of Zhongwei,Ningxia were collected,the characteristics of landscape elements were analyzed using the landscape pattern indexes based on remote sensing image data in the corresponding period,and the relationship between birds G-F diversity of different ecological types and landscape pattern changes was further studied.The results indicated that there were significant fluctuations in the G-F diversity of birds of different ecological types in different functional areas in three survey years,showing an overall growing trend.The G-F diversity of various ecological types of birds in the buffer areas was higher than that in the core and experimental areas,and the response of bird diversity to landscape pattern changes varies among different ecological types.The habitats of songbirds were mainly in woodland,grassland,and desert/semidesert landscapes.The intensification of landscape fragmentation,especially the rapid replacement of artificial sand control grass grids,could easily lead to a decrease in G-F diversity of songbirds.Due to the comprehensive influence of food resources and reproductive characteristics,the distribution of land birds tended to be in areas with lush wetland vegetation.The habitat of raptors was mainly in woodland and grassland,which was positively correlated with LPI and PARA-MN,and conformed to the predatory habits of raptor.The distribution of waders and waterfowl in small wetlands in nature reserve was positively correlated with PD and DIVISION,and negatively correlated with LPI,PLAND,and COHESION.Their response to landscape characteristics indicated that the distance between wetland patches had a significant impact on bird diversity.A larger water area did not increase bird diversity in wetlands,and wetlands that were easy to migrate and had abundant food resources were more conducive to improving bird diversity.The response of perch birds to landscape elements was not significant,and they did not show a preference for habitat.The changes in artificial landscape patterns had no significant impact on birds of different ecological types.This study has guiding significance for the future bird protection and ecological restoration in the nature reserve.
G-F diversity of birdslandscape patternspatio-temporal variationShapotou
NETL
NSTL
万方数据
