摘要
全球价值链的构成与发展对各经济体及其居民的收入份额产生重大影响.本文选取1990-2018年188个国家面板数据,从劳资关系和技术进步角度深入分析全球价值链发展对收入不平等的影响.研究发现:全球价值链对收入不平等具有异质性影响,全球价值链参与度越高越会加剧收入不平等,而全球价值链地位越高越有助于减缓收入不平等.机制分析发现:国际资本参与恶化了参与国的劳资关系是全球价值链参与度提高加剧收入不平等的重要作用渠道,而技术进步有利于参与国的劳动力议价能力提升是全球价值链地位提高能够缓解收入不平等的作用机制.进一步分析表明,对于中国等发展中国家,本文的研究结论同样适用.因此,中国应继续参与全球化建设,力争提升全球价值链地位,坚持高水平对外开放.
Abstract
Many countries are facing the same problem that the global value chain affects the pattern of income distribu-tion.The purpose of this paper is to study the heterogeneous effect of the global value chain on income inequality.By combining theoretical analysis and empirical evidence,this paper studies the effect of the global value chain on income inequality across countries with panel data from 1990 to 2018.It is found that higher GVC participation exacerbates income in-equality,while higher GVC position is more conductive to narrowing income inequality.Mechanism test reveals that higher GVC participation worsens labor-capital relations and leads to lower compensation for workers,which in turn exacerbates in-come inequality.Higher GVC position helps increase the bargaining power of workers and reduce income inequality.The sub-sample regression reveals that GVC has a significant effect on the income distribution of developing countries,including China.Based on the above findings,this paper puts forward the following policy recommendations.Firstly,China should imple-ment the strategy of high-quality development as well as the domestic and international double-cycle development,and con-tinue to stabilize its participation in GVC,striving to move upstream in GVC so as to avoid the negative effect of participation in GVC on China's income distribution.Secondly,to promote a high level of opening up to the outside world,China should con-tinue to learn from the experience of developed countries through opening up,improve the ability of labor protection and collec-tive bargaining,build a well-functioning legal system to regulate labor-capital conflicts and commit itself to creating a first-rate business environment that is market oriented,rule of law based,and internationalized.Thirdly,against the backdrop of the demographic dividend gradually disappearing,China should cultivate talents suitable for the open economy,vigorously develop high-technology-intensive manufacturing industries,promote technological progress,and expand the proportion of high-skilled talents in the skilled labor force,thus pushing forward the transformation and upgrading of China's manufacturing industry.
基金项目
国家自然科学基金青年科学基金(72303021)
教育部人文社会科学研究青年基金(22YJCZH102)
内蒙古大学高层次人才科研启动基金(2023)(10000-23112101/149)
北京师范大学引进人才科研启动基金(310432101)
NETL
NSTL
万方数据