Digital Trade Rules and High-Tech Product Trade—Based on Trade Dependency Measurement and Social Network Analysis
Digital trade rules not only serve the development of digital trade,but also have an impact on high-tech prod-uct trade from aspects such as trade costs and innovation.This paper attempts to explore how digital trade rules affect the trade of high-tech products by measuring trade dependency relationships.This paper constructs a high-tech product trade dependency network within the framework of social network analysis by measuring the high-tech product trade dependency relationship between economies.It also constructs a digital trade rule net-work by assessing the relationships and terms of digital trade rules among different economies,and evaluates the position of each economy in the digital trade rule network.Based on the constructed network,the Temporal Exponential Random Graph Model is used to explore the impact of digital trade rules on high-tech product trade dependency network from two aspects:bi-lateral relationships and individual positions in the network.The results indicate that the depth of digital trade rules does not have a significant impact on the formation of high-tech trade dependency network.However,core economies within the digital trade rules network are more likely to receive trade de-pendence on high-tech products,thus placing them in a more advantageous position in the high-tech product trade depen-dency network.The analysis of the heterogeneity of the terms reveals that the data flow terms and service trade terms signed by both sides exhibit an innovative spillover effect,which can narrow the gap in their innovation capabilities and technological lev-els,and weaken the trade dependency relationship.Bilateral intellectual property protection clauses will promote the formation of bilateral high-tech product trade dependence.In contrast,the impact of the e-commerce terms is not significant.In terms of absolute quantity,all four types of sub-clauses promote the innovation level of an economy and have a significant positive im-pact on the economy's acceptance of trade dependence.The study clarifies the impact of relevant provisions of digital trade rules on the trade dependency relationships of high-tech product,offering insights for developing countries to overcome bottlenecks and develop high-tech product trade.
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