Effect of standardized follow-up monitoring mechanism on the growth and development of high-risk infants
Objective By establishing the standardized follow-up monitoring mechanism for high-risk infants,the influence on the growth and development of high-risk infants was analyzed,and the basis for formulating reasonable nutrition support and early intervention strategies was provided.Methods From January 2021 to January 2023,260 high-risk infants were hospitalized in Binzhou Central Hospital.According to whether the high-risk infants returned to hospital regularly for follow-up,they were divided into a standardized follow-up group and a non-standardized follow-up group.In the standardized follow-up group,there were 170 high-risk infants,78 boys and 92 girls,aged 12(7,14)days,112 cases with 1 high-risk factor and 58 cases with 2 high-risk factors.In the non-standardized follow-up group,there were 90 high-risk infants,41 boys and 49 girls,aged 13(7,15)days,59 cases with 1 high-risk factor and 31 cases with 2 high-risk factors.The standardized follow-up group referred to regular return to the hospital after discharge according to the discharge follow-up schedule,and timely assessment and intervention measures were given according to the results of various examinations.In the non-standardized follow-up group,the infants did not return to the hospital regularly after discharge for follow-up and the number of lost visits was＞3 times,but there were developmental assessment data at 4 time points of 2 weeks,3 months,6 months,and 12 months old.The physical development of high-risk infants at 6 months and 12 months old were compared between the two groups.The Neonatal Behavioral Neurological Assessment(NBNA)scores at 2 weeks and 4 weeks old were compared between the two groups.The Gesell development scale of 3-month old and 12-month old of high-risk infants were compared.The incidences of complications were compared between the two groups.t test,x2 test,and U test were used.Results The body length,body weight,and head circumference of the high-risk infants in the standardized follow-up group were(70.4±7.8)cm,(8.7±1.6)kg,and(43.4±1.5)cm at 6 months old,and(78.3±6.4)cm,(11.4±1.5)kg,and(45.3±1.5)cm at 12 months old,respectively,which were higher than(62.8±8.7)cm,(7.6±2.3)kg,(41.4±1.1)cm,(76.6±7.6)cm,(10.7±1.9)kg,and(44.8±1.6)cm in the non-standardized follow-up group,with statistically significant differences(t=7.178,P＜0.001;t=4.509,P＜0.001;t=12.830,P＜0.001;t=1.907,P=0.058;t=3.256,P=0.001;t=2.498,P=0.013).The NBNA scores of the high-risk infants in the standardized follow-up group were(36.67±2.18)and(38.59±1.61)points at 2 weeks and 4 weeks old,respectively,and those in the non-standardized follow-up group were(36.62±2.21)and(37.73±1.34)points,respectively.The NBNA scores of the two groups at 4 weeks old were higher than those at 2 weeks old,and the NBNA score of the standardized follow-up group at 4 weeks old was higher than that of the non-standardized follow-up group,with statistically significant differences(all P＜0.05).At 3 months old,there were no statistically significant differences in the developmental retardation rates of gross motor,fine motor,adaptive behavior,language,or personal social between the two groups(all P＞0.05).At 12 months old,the developmental retardation rates of the high-risk infants in both groups were significantly decreased,and the retardation rates of the high-risk infants in the non-standardized follow-up group were higher than those in the standardized follow-up group,with statistically significant differences(all P＜0.05).The overall incidence of malnutrition and anemia in the standardized follow-up group was lower than that in the non-standardized follow-up group[5.8％(10/170)vs.25.4％(23/90)],with a statistically significant difference(x2=20.553,P＜0.001).Conclusion The establishment of standardized follow-up monitoring mechanism,sequential management of the growth and development of high-risk infants,and timely early intervention can promote their physical and neuropsychological development,which has important clinical significance in the growth and development of high-risk infants.
High-risk infantsFollow-upStandardPhysical developmentNeuropsychological development
万方数据
维普
