Correlation of Th1/Th2 and TNF-α levels with severity of chronic periodontitis in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus
Objective To explore the correlation of Th1/Th2 and tumor necrosis factor alpha(TNF-α)levels with the severity of chronic periodontitis(CP)in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM).Methods This retrospective analysis included 90 patients with T2DM and CP(a T2DM+CP group),60 patients with CP(a CP group),and 60 healthy examinees(a control group)from Yulin Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital between January and December 2023.There were 48 males and 42 females in the T2DM+CP group;they were(52.35±5.78)years old;their disease course was(3.44±0.91)years.There were 33 males and 27 females in the CP group;they were(52.63±5.69)years old;their disease course was(3.56±1.07)years.There were 31 males and 29 females in the control group;they were(52.58±5.64)years old.The patients with T2DM and CP were categorized into a mild group(33 cases),a moderate group(30 cases),and a severe group(27 cases)based on the periodontal assessment standards.Their general data were collected.The periodontal indicators[probing depth(PD),attachment loss(AL),gingival index(GI),and plaque index(PLI)],inflammatory markers[interferon gamma(INF-γ),interleukin 4(IL-4),and tumor necrosis factor alpha(TNF-α)],and Th1/Th2 cell ratios were compared.The Spearman's correlation analysis was employed to assess the correlation of Th1/Th2 and TNF-α with the severity of periodontitis in the T2DM+CP group.The receiver operating characteristic curve(ROC)was used to evaluate the diagnostic values of Th1/Th2 and TNF-α for CP+T2DM.t,F and x2 tests were applied.Results.There were no statistical differences in gender,age,body mass index,and CP course between the three groups(all P＞0.05).The levels of INF-y in the CP+T2DM group and the CP group were lower than that in the control group[(29.25±8.46)μg/L and(51.45±16.25)μg/L vs.(90.13±29.85)µg/L];the PD,AL,GI,PLI,levels of IL-4 and TNF-α,and Th1/Th2 ratios in the CP+T2DM group and the CP group were higher than those in the control group[(6.38±1.23)mm and(4.82±0.64)mm vs.(1.93±0.52)mm,(5.79±0.82)mm and(3.02±1.06)mm vs.(0.42±0.11)mm,(1.63±0.25)and(1.13±0.18)vs.(0.52±0.14),(1.25±0.14)and(1.04±0.12)vs.(0.73±0.05),(25.84±3.72)μg/L and(20.04±5.18)μg/L vs.(14.38±2.16)μg/L,(67.88±22.22)μg/L and(56.47±15.03)μg/L vs.(25.17±8.42)μg/L,and(2.28±0.68)and(1.33±0.41)vs.(0.41±0.13)];there were statistical differences(F=185.595,423.411,860.564,533.540,367.510,160.486,112.925,and 253.712;all P＜0.05).The Th1/Th2 ratio and TNF-α level in the mild group,the moderate group,and the severe group were(1.47±0.21),(2.61±0.34),and(2.89±0.26)and(46.82±5.93)μg/L,(63.73±7.32)μg/L,and(98.24±6.89)μg/L,with statistical differences(F=233.226 and 436.772;both P＜0.05).The Spearman's correlation analysis showed that Th1/Th2 and TNF-α were positively correlated wtih the severity of periodontitis(r=0.852 and 0.914;both P＜0.05).The areas under the curves(AUC)of Th1/Th2 and TNF-α were 0.866 and 0.631;the sensitivities were 63.3％(57/90)and 57.8％(52/90);the specificities were 98.3％(59/60)and 63.3％(38/60).The AUC of the combination was 0.881;the sensitivity was 73.3％(66/90);the specificity was 88.3％(53/60).Conclusions In patients with T2DM+CP,Th1/Th2 ratio and TNF-α are significantly positively correlated with the severity of periodontitis.Their combination provides good diagnostic efficacy for the disease.
Type 2 diabetes mellitusChronic periodontitisTh1/Th2Tumor necrosis factor alphaDisease severityCorrelation
万方数据
维普
