Middle ear cholesteatoma is a cystic structure that develops in the middle ear following the desquamation of keratinized squamous epithelium,and it should be noted that it is not a true neoplasm.Its clinical manifestations bear resemblance to those observed in chronic suppurative otitis media,primarily encompassing otorrhea,hearing impairment,vertigo,otalgia,etc.In severe cases,it can exert pressure on the surrounding bones,leading to destructive bone resorption and an array of complications that significantly impact patients'health and prognosis.Currently,the etiology of middle ear cholesteatoma remains elusive.The pathogenesis underlying bone destruction caused by this condition is multifaceted.In recent years,there has been growing attention toward the pivotal roles played by matrix metallo-proteinases,receptor activator of nuclear factor-κB ligand of osteoclasts/osteoprotegerin,inflammatory factors,macrophage,and keratinocyte growth factor in mediating bone destruction associated with middle ear cholesteatoma.This article provides an overview of the expression patterns exhibited by these aforementioned molecules in middle ear cholesteatoma as well as their contributions to bone destruction.
关键词
基质金属蛋白酶/胆脂瘤/核因子κB受体活化因子配体/炎症/巨噬细胞/角质细胞生长因子/进展
Key words
Matrix metallo-proteinases/Cholesteatoma/Receptor activator of nuclear factor-κB ligand/Inflammation/Microphages/Keratinocyte growth factor
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