Epidemiological characteristics of hand-foot-mouth disease at Panyu District,Guangzhou from 2014 to 2023
Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of hand-foot-mouth disease at Panyu District,Guangzhou from 2014 to 2023,and to provide references for formulating prevention and control measures.Methods The epidemic data and demographic data of hand-foot-mouth disease at Panyu District,Guangzhou were collected from the Chinese Disease Prevention and Control Information System-Surveillance Report Management.SPSS 25.0 was used for the statistical analysis.The x2 test was used for the comparison of categorical variables.Results From 2014 to 2023,a total of 84 193 cases of hand-foot-mouth disease at Panyu District,Guangzhou were reported,with an average annual incidence rate of 336.04/100 000 and with no case of severe disease and no death case;the incidence rate in 2014 was the highest(509.00/100 000);the incidence rate in 2020 was the lowest(69.20/100 000).There was a statistical difference in the incidence rate between different years(x2=14 744.597;P＜0.001).There were cases reported in each month;the peak incidence mainly occurred from May to July.There was a statistical difference in the average annual incidence rate between different towns and streets(x2=997.536;P＜0.001).The male-to-female ratio was 1.45:1;the reported incidence rates were 422.67/100 000 and 283.38/100 000,respectively(x2=3 305.453;P＜0.001).The top three cases were 55 442 scattered children,23 778 nursery children and 3 952 students,accounting for 65.85％,28.24％and 4.69％of the total reported cases,respectively.Most cases were＜3 years old[57.01％(47 995/84 193)].The incidence rates in the 1≤-2 years old group[27.62％(23 257/84 193)],the 2≤-3 years old group[19.01％(16 005/84 193)],and the 3≤-4 years old group[17.92％(15 088/84 193)]were the top three.The incidence rates in the scattered children[65.85％(55 442/84 193)],the children in childcare agencies[28.24％(23 778/84 193)],and students[4.69％(3 952/84 193)]were the top three.From 2014 to 2023,4.61％of the cases reported the results of pathogenic detection;Enterovirus 71,Coxsackievirus A16,and other enteroviruses accounted for 21.80％(846/3 880),17.24％(669/3 880),and 60.95％(2 365/3 880),respectively;there was a statistical difference in the detection rate of the three pathogens between different years(x2=909.414;P＜0.001).A total of 6 outbreaks were reported;125 related cases were reported,accounting for 18.18％of the total number of reported public health emergencies(33 cases)of Class C infectious diseases in the surveyed areas,and all of them occurred in kindergartens.Conclusions From 2014 to 2023,the incidence of hand-foot-mouth disease at Panyu District,Guangzhou was generally characterized by a high incidence in alternate years,with obvious seasonal and population distribution characteristics.The pathogenic surveillance of preschool children and key areas should be strengthened;correpsonding health education should be carried out to improve the child caregivers'knowledge level of disease prevention and control.
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