Robotic Assisted Unicompartmental Knee Arthroplasty Results in Good Postoperative Soft Tissue Balance:A Unicompartmental Pressure Sensor Study
Objective A novel unicompartmental pressure sensor was used to measure the intraoperative soft tissue tension in the medial compartment of the knee to validate the effectiveness of the robot's dynamic joint pre-balancing function and to provide clinical experience and theoretical guidance for exploring smarter and more precise surgical methods.Methods Totally,35 patients with MAKO robot-assisted medial unicompartmental knee arthroplasty(UKA)admitted to our hospital between January 2018 and June 2023 were prospectively included in this study,including 8 males and 27 females,for a total of 35 cases and 35 knees.The age was(66.3±7.7)years old,and the body mass index was(24.5±6.3)kg/m2.All procedures were performed by the same experienced surgeon.The flexion and extension gaps were pre-assessed during surgery using the robot's soft tissue balancing technique and the surgical plan was adjusted to balance the soft tissue tensions in extension and flexion,and after completion of the osteotomy the soft tissue tensions in the medial compartment between the femoral and tibial component were assessed using a pressure sensor and the pressures were recorded at 10°,45°,and 90°of knee flexion.The patients'visual analogue scores(VAS),Oxford Knee Score(OKS),and joint range of motion(ROM)were compared preoperatively and at the final postoperative follow-up to assess the surgical outcome.Results Patients were regularly followed up for(38.1±14.2)months.Intraoperative recorded pressures were(47.3±20.8)N at 10°of knee flexion,(40.1±18.2)N at 45°and(42.7±19.8)N at 90°.The patients'postoperative OKS scores,VAS scores and ROM were significantly improved as compared with the preoperative period,and the differences were statistically significant(P＜0.05).Conclusion This novel unicompartmental pressure sensor we used has an accurate assessment of soft tissue tension in UKA.The robotic soft tissue pre-balancing function can accurately assess the soft tissue tension before osteotomy and accurately adjust the surgical planning,which can help to obtain a good soft tissue balance of the knee.
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