Study on the Suitable Ventilation Velocity for Fire Personnel Evacuation of Highway Tunnel with Longitudinal Long Slope
In order to find out the influence of longitudinal ventilation velocity on evacuation environment of highway tunnel with long longitudinal slope in the case of congestion caused by tunnel fire,and determine the suitable velocity for personnel evacuation under fire condition.Numerical calculation method was used to simulate the distribution and variation of smoke temperature under ceiling as well as at eye characteristic height under different ventilation velocity and longitudinal slope.The results show that:1)The maximum temperature of characteristic height at the upstream of the fire decreased gradually for tunnel with different slope with the increase of ventilation velocity,.As for the the maximum temperature of characteristic height at the downstream of the fire,it increased after an initial decline with the increase of ventilation wind speed for tunnel with uphill slope,and it increases rapidly but then decreases for tunnel with downhill slope;2)The suitable velocity for personnel evacuation declined as the tunnel slope increased.When the fire scale is 30 MW,the suitable velocity is 2.5 m/s for the tunnel with-2%slope,and 2.0 m/s for the tunnel with-1%slope.The suitable velocity is suggested to be 1.0～1.5 m/s for the tunnel with 1%slope,while it is 0.5～1.5 m/s for the tunnel with 2%slope.
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