Effects of tillage methods on growth and yield of the machinery-sowed winter rape
[Objective]The study aimed to clarify the effects of tillage methods on the growth and yield of winter rape in the dry season,which was grown by water/drought rotation in the Yangtze River Basin.[Method]This study took the machinery-directly-sowed winter rape as the experimental object,with two tillage methods of deep turning and shallow rotation,and studied their effects on the root system,aboveg-round growth(plant height,stem diameter,biomass),grain oil content and yield of winter rape.[Result]Compared with shallow rotation treatment,the deep rotation treatment promoted the root system growth and root rooting,with an increased root mass density by 2.0%on average.Also,the treatment promoted the growth and development of the winter rape seeding,and the plant height,stem diameter and aboveg-round biomass increased by 4.8%,3.1%and 5.9%respectively.In addition,the yield of deep turning treat-ment was significantly higher than that of the shallow rotation treatment(P<0.05),with an increase of 24.4%.This was closely associated with the significant increase of yield components,such as branch node height,branch length and the number of pods per plant.The deep rotation treatment could slightly improve the oil content of rape seeds in comparison with the shallow rotation treatment,while there was no signifi-cant difference between them.[Conclusion]Comprehensively considering the growth status,yield and grain oil content of winter rape,the proper deep turning during machinery tillage and sowing had a positive effect on the growth index and yield components of winter rape.The findings provided theoretical and technical support for the machinery tillage and planting of the winter rape.
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