A comparative study on the ecosystem patterns of different landforms in the gully region of the Loess Plateau
[Objective]This study aimed to test the effectiveness of ecological restoration and optimize the ecosystem pattern on the Loess Plateau by comparing the characteristics of ecosystem patterns and their change processes in different geomorphic units.Dongzhiyuan,a typical tableland and gully region,and the Yanhe River Basin,a typical loess hilly gully region,were selected as examples.[Method]The study uti-lized landscape ecology approaches and spatial analysis to assess the spatial and temporal characteristics of ecosystem patterns under different geomorphic conditions on the Loess Plateau over the past 30 years.Re-mote sensing data and ground survey data were employed for analysis.[Result]Agricultural land,forest,and grassland were identified as the most important ecosystem types in the Loess Plateau gully region.The loess tableland and gully region were predominantly characterized by farmland ecosystems,while the loess hilly and gully region exhibited dominance of grassland ecosystems.The dominant ecosystem type also had the highest average patch size,but ecosystem fragmentation gradually increased with intensified human ac-tivities.[Conclusion]The vegetation restoration project in Dongzhiyuan preceded that in the Yanhe Basin,leading to stronger ecological restoration in the early period(1990～2000).The Yanhe Basin exhibited a stronger dynamic evolutionary effect among ecosystem types.The findings of this study provided insights for optimizing the ecosystem layout of the Loess Plateau and hold significant implications for regional eco-logical civilization construction and sustainable development.
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