海拔梯度对两河源自然保护区草地群落组成及多样性影响
Effects of altitude gradient on grassland community composition and diversity in Liangheyuan Nature Reserve
贺清智 1叶茂 1潘晓婷 1曹攀琦 1殷锡凯1
作者信息
- 1. 新疆师范大学地理科学与旅游学院,新疆干旱区湖泊环境与资源实验室,新疆 乌鲁木齐 830054
- 折叠
摘要
[目的]为探讨随海拔增加,草地群落的数量特征如何变化以及物种多样性指数受海拔的影响程度.[方法]对两河源自然保护区海拔1 500～2 500 m的区域运用Margalef 指数、Simpson 指数、Shannon-Wiener指数和Alatalo指数进行分析.[结果]两河源自然保护区共有草类植物123种,隶属于43科101属,冰草(Agropyron cristatum)、蒲公英(Taraxacum mongolicum)和草原老鹳草(Geranium pratense)是本区域的优势种.草地植物的数量结构随海拔梯度的增加表现为先下降后升高再下降再升高趋势,海拔梯度与多样性各指数均表现为极显著相关(P<0.01),其中Margalef 指数、Simpson 指数、Shannon-Wiener指数均表现为随海拔升高而增加,但Alatalo指数随海拔升高而降低.[结论]随海拔梯度升高,草地群落数量结构及特征呈波动趋势且海拔梯度变化对群落多样性影响较大,其中菊科、茜草科、蔷薇科、紫草科草类植物宜作为生态恢复与草地重建的首选种.
Abstract
[Objective]The effects of altitude gradient on grassland community composition and diver-sity were discussed in order to provide reasonable suggestions for grassland management and conservation.[Method]Margalef index,Simpson index,Shannon Wiener index and alatalo index are used to analyze the area with an altitude of 1 500～2 500 m in Liangheyuan Nature Reserve.[Result]There are 123 species of grasses in Liangheyuan Nature Reserve,belonging to 43 families and 101 genera.Agropyron cristatum,Ta-raxacum mongolicum and Geranium pratense are the dominant species in this area.With the change of alti-tude gradient,the quantity structure and characteristics of grassland are quite different.The altitude gradient is highly correlated with various diversity indices.Among them,Margalef index,Simpson index and Shan-non Wiener index all increase with altitude,but Alatalo index decreases with altitude.[Conclusion]With the increase of altitude gradient,the quantitative structure and characteristics of grassland communities fluc-tuate,and the change of altitude gradient has a great impact on the community diversity.Among them,Com-positae,Rubiaceae,Rosaceae and Shikonaceae should be the preferred species for ecological restoration and grassland reconstruction.
关键词
草地/物种多样性/海拔梯度/两河源自然保护区Key words
grassland/species diversity/altitude gradient/Liangheyuan Nature Reserve引用本文复制引用
基金项目
阿尔泰山国有林管理局生态监测分析项目(2021)(3010010281)
阿尔泰山生态保护管理规划分项编制项目(3010010251)
出版年
2024
NETL
NSTL
万方数据