摘要
[目的]评价传统手工牦牛酥油的品质,为食品工业的检验和产品品质优化提供参考依据.[方法]以16家牧户的传统手工牦牛酥油为原材料,采用最小显著性差异法(least significant difference,LSD)研究不同牧户酥油样品酸价、过氧化值和气味信息间的差异,采用主成分分析(principal component analysis,PCA)、典则判别分析(canonical discriminant analysis,CDA)和多层感知模型(multi-layer perceptron,MLP)定性判别及定量分析酥油产地和来源.[结果]16份牦牛酥油酸价(4.35～4.71 mg/g)均高于国标要求,过氧化值(0.000 0～0.007 5 g/100g)均在要求范围内;不同牧户牦牛酥油品质有差异.PCA分析可把16户牦牛酥油样品来源进行初步区分,CDA分析结果中各样品的数据点更聚集、样品组间距离变大,区分效果强于PCA,但仍有较多数据点重叠.采用MLP可定量判别传统手工牦牛酥油产地并追溯其来源,MLP 10-1-2网格结构结果显示,碌曲和玛曲两个产地的牦牛酥油类别效果平均值:准确率、精确率、灵敏度、特异度以及曲线下方面积分别为99.51%、99.53%、99.53%、99.50%和99.52%;MLP 10-1-16网格结构显示,16家牧户的牦牛酥油类别效果平均值:准确率、精确率、灵敏度、特异度以及曲线下方面积分别为98.97%、92.18%、92.23%、99.45%和95.84%.[结论]基于电子鼻技术可评价传统手工牦牛酥油品质.
Abstract
[Objective]The objective of this study was to evaluate the quality of traditional yak ghee and provide reference for food industry inspection and product quality optimization.[Method]The acid value,peroxide value,and odor information of yak ghee samples were analyzed using the Least Significant Differ-ence(LSD)test.The place of production and origin of yak ghee were qualitatively and quantitatively ana-lyzed using Principal Component Analysis(PCA),Canonical Discriminant Analysis(CDA)and Multi-Layer Perceptron(MLP).[Result]The acid value(4.35～4.71 mg/g)was found to be higher than the na-tional standard,while the peroxide value(0.000～0.0075 g/100g)fell within the required range.The qual-ity of yak ghee varied among different families.PCA analysis successfully distinguished the sources of yak ghee samples from 16 families.In CDA analysis,the data points of each sample were more concentrated,re-sulting in larger distances between sample groups and a stronger discrimination effect compared to PCA.However,there were still some overlapping data points.MLP was employed for quantitative identification of the origin of traditional handmade yak ghee and traceability.The MLP 10-1-2 grid structure showed that the average accuracy,accuracy,sensitivity,specificity,and area under the curve for yak ghee in Luqu and Maqu were 99.51%,99.53%,99.53%,99.50%,and 99.52%,respectively.The MLP 10-1-16 grid struc-ture showed that the average accuracy,accuracy,sensitivity,specificity,and area under the curve for yak ghee from 16 herdsmen were 98.97%,92.18%,92.23%,99.45%,and 95.84%,respectively.[Conclusion]Based on the findings of this study,the quality of traditional yak ghee can be effectively evalu-ated using E-nose technology.
基金项目
甘肃高等学校青年博士基金项目(2022QB-021)
中央高校基本科研业务费资金资助项(31920230159)
中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金(31920210006)
西北民族大学人才培养质量提高项目(2022KCSZKC-63)
NETL
NSTL
万方数据