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热熔式地膜打孔机设计与试验

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[目的]结合农艺要求,本试验设计了一种热熔式地膜打孔机,拟解决西北寒旱区马铃薯全膜覆盖、种行覆土栽培模式膜上土壤板结、幼苗无法穿透出苗等问题.[方法]试验对样机关键部件进行了分析与设计,确定了结构及工作参数,开发了电磁打孔频率控制系统,实现了孔距精准控制、纵向可调等功能.以普通PE黑膜为试验对象,通过试验确定了影响打孔合格率的3个主要因素,即热熔式成孔器温度、膜速(指地膜收卷过程的线速度)、热熔式成孔器和地膜接触距离,建立了打孔合格率与试验因素之间的回归模型,分析了各因素对打孔合格率的影响,各因素对打孔合格率的贡献率大小排序为:热熔式成孔器和地膜接触距离、膜速、热熔式成孔器温度,并对试验因素进行了综合优化.[结果]最优工作参数组合为:热熔式成孔器温度218℃、膜速222 mm/s、热熔式成孔器和地膜接触距离-4.8 mm时,打孔合格率为98.58%.[结论]热熔式地膜打孔机满足设计要求,提高了种植效率.
Design and trial of a hot melt mulch film punching machine
[Objective]A kind of hot-melt mulch film punching machine has been designed,which is combined with agronomic requirements.In the cold and arid regions of northwest China,potatoes are culti-vated that the mode is full mulch mulching and seed row cover soil.Perforated mulch film can effectively solve the problems of soil hardening on the mulch film and seedlings failing to penetrate and emerge.[Method]The key components of the prototype were analyzed and designed,the structure and working pa-rameters were determined,and the electromagnetic punching frequency control system was developed,which realized the functions of precise control of hole distance and longitudinal adjustment.In addition,the experiment determined three main factors affecting the qualified punching rate,which were the temperature of the hot melt pore-forming device,the mulch film speed(refers to the linear speed of the winding process of the mulch film)and the contact distance between the hot melt pore-forming device and the plastic mulch,established a regression model between the qualified punching rate and the experimental factors,and ana-lyzed the influence of each factor on the qualified punching rate.The contribution rate of each factor to the qualified punching rate was ranked as follows:contact distance between hot melt pore-forming device and plastic mulch,mulch film speed,hot melt pore-forming device.[Result]The experimental factors were comprehensively optimized,and the optimum combination of working parameters was:when the tempera-ture of the hot-melt hole former was 218℃,the speed of the mulch film was 222 mm/s,and the contact dis-tance between the hot-melt hole former and the mulch film was-4.8 mm,the qualified punching rate reached 98.58%by experiment.[Conclusion]This hot-melt mulch film punching machine meets design re-quirements and improves the planting efficiency.

perforated mulch filmhot melt punchingcontrol systemsimulation analysisperformance experiment

戴桐、孙伟、柯年峰、刘小龙、张华、李辉

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甘肃农业大学机电工程学院,甘肃 兰州 730070

带孔地膜 热熔式打孔 控制系统 仿真分析 性能试验

国家自然科学基金项目甘肃省教育厅产业支撑计划项目甘肃省科技计划项目甘肃省高等学校科技创新项目甘肃省高等学校科技创新项目甘肃农业大学伏羲人才项目

521650282022CYZC-4221CX6NA0812021B-1192021B-137GAUFX-02J01

2024

10.13432/j.cnki.jgsau.2024.02.035

甘肃农业大学学报
甘肃农业大学

甘肃农业大学学报

CSTPCD北大核心
影响因子：0.612
ISSN：1003-4315
年,卷(期)：2024.59(2)
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