Effect of potassium supply level on yield of cauliflower and potassium balance in soil
[Objective]This study aimed to provide a scientific basis for the rational application of potas-sium fertilizer in cold cauliflower production of Ningxia.[Method]Field experiments were conducted with Ningxia Lengliang dominant cauliflower as the experimental material.Five treatments were established:0(K0),10(K10),20(K20),30(K30),and 40(K40)kg/667m2.The effects of potassium supply on yield,potassium absorption,allocation and utilization in open field cauliflower,as well as potassium quality and balance in the soil root layer,were investigated.[Result]The results demonstrated that potassium supply significantly in-creased cauliflower yield,with an increase rate ranging from 5.32% to 16.24% .The relationship between potassium supply level and flower bulb yield followed a significant quadratic parabolic curve,with the high-est yield observed at 3 529.43 kg/667 m2 and the optimal potassium supply level at 24.28 kg/667m2.Dur-ing the seedling and rosette stages,stems and leaves were the main accumulation centers of potassium in cauliflower,with distribution ratios ranging from 49.67% to 90.49% under different treatments.As the cau-liflower entered the mature stage,the flower bulb became the main accumulation center of potassium,ac-counting for 42.25% to 53.73% under different treatments.The highest potassium accumulation in the whole plant occurred under the K30 treatment during the seedling stage.During the rosette and mature stages,the K20 treatment exhibited the highest accumulation,with a significant increase of 69.40% and 79.38% compared to the control,respectively.The utilization efficiency of potash fertilizer ranged from 21.77% to 40.31%,and the K20 treatment showed the highest utilization rate,contribution rate,and agro-nomic efficiency,which were 45.28%,21.31%,and 38.670 kg/kg,respectively.When the potassium sup-ply level was below 20 kg/667m2,the soil K balance indicated a deficit.When the potassium supply level ex-ceeded 30 kg/667m2,the K surplus changed from negative to positive,suggesting the need for continued po-tassium fertilizer application to achieve a surplus.[Conclusion]Considering factors such as potassium ab-sorption,utilization,distribution,and cauliflower yield,as well as the potassium availability and budget bal-ance in vegetable fields,it is recommended that the appropriate potassium supply level for cauliflower in the southern mountainous area of Ningxia is 21.82～29.24 kg/667m2.
cauliflowersouthern mountainous area of Ningxiapotassium supply levelyieldutilization rate of potassium fertilizersoil potassium balance
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