摘要
[目的]探究不同施肥处理对娃娃菜生长、产量及品质的影响.[方法]试验以春玉黄娃娃菜为试材,设置常规施肥(CK)、常规施肥+有机肥(T1)、常规施肥+有机肥+微生物菌剂(T2)、有机肥(T3)、有机肥+微生物菌剂(T4)、常规化肥减量50%+有机肥(T5)、缓释复合肥(T6)以及常规化肥减量30%(T7)八个处理,并运用主成分分析综合评判各处理对娃娃菜生产、产量和品质的影响.[结果]与CK相比,8个施肥处理对娃娃菜株高无显著影响,T5、T7 处理的冠幅显著增加了9.43%和7.52%,T5 处理地上部鲜质量以及整株干质量显著提高25.23%和14.16%,产量增加27.95%;与CK相比,T7处理和T3处理产品硝酸盐含量显著降低65.77%和25.95%,T5处理的维生素C含量提高了47.83%,T1处理的可溶性蛋白含量显著增高6.54%,T3处理可溶性糖含量显著升高15.3%.经主成分分析共提取了5个主成分,累计方差贡献率达96.803%.8个施肥处理综合得分进行排名为T5>T6>CK>T3>T4>T2>T1>T7.[结论]常规施肥减量50%配施400 kg/667m2有机肥处理更有利于促进娃娃菜生长,提高其产量和品质,该结果可为化肥减施模式下娃娃菜高产优质栽培提供理论依据.
Abstract
[Objective]The study aimed to explore the effects of different fertilization treatments on the growth,yield and quality of Mini Chinese cabbage.[Method]With Chunyuhuang Mini Chinese cabbage as the test material,the experiment set up eight treatments of fertilization as follows:conventional fertilization(CK),conventional fertilization+organic fertilizer(T1),conventional fertilization+organic fertilizer+mi-crobial agent(T2),organic fertilizer(T3),organic fertilizer+microbial agent(T4),the reduced conventional fertilization by 50%+organic fertilizer(T5),slow-release compound fertilizer(T6),and the reduced conven-tional fertilization by 30%(T7).The Principal Component Analysis was used to comprehensively evaluate the effect of fertilization treatments on the production,yield and quality of the Mini Chinese cabbage.[Result]Compared with CK,all the eight fertilization treatments exerted no significant effect on the plant height.The crown width of T5 and T7 treatments increased by 9.43%and 7.52%,the aboveground fresh weight and the whole dry weight of T5 treatments increased by 25.23%and 14.16%,respectively,and the yield increased by 27.95%.Compared with CK,the nitrate content of the products of T7 and T3 was signifi-cantly reduced by 65.77%and 25.95%,respectively.Vitamin C content of T5 treatment was significantly increased by 47.83%,soluble protein content of T1 treatment was significantly increased by 6.54%,and soluble sugar content of T3 treatment was significantly increased by 15.3%.A total of 5 principal compo-nents were extracted by PCA,and the cumulative variance contribution rate reached 96.80%.The compre-hensive scores of the 8 fertilization treatments ranked as follows:T5>T6>CK>T3>T4>T2>T1>T7.[Conclusion]The reduced application of conventional fertilizer by 50%combined with 400 kg/667m2 or-ganic fertilizer treatment was beneficial to promote the growth of Mini Chinese cabbage and to improve its yield and quality,which could serve as a theoretical basis for high-yield and high-quality cultivation of Mini Chinese cabbage under the reduced fertilizer application mode.
基金项目
甘肃省科技重大专项(22ZD6NA010)
现代丝路寒旱农业科技支撑项目(GSLK-2021-6)
甘肃省教育厅产业支撑计划项目(2021CYZC-45)
甘肃省科技厅软科学计划项目(20CX4ZA044)
维普
万方数据