Effects of Irrigation Volume on the Quality of Maize Population and Water Use Efficiency Under High-density Cultivation in Hexi Irrigation Area
Increasing planting density is a crucial measure for the sustained growth of maize yield.Exploring reasonable irrigation quotas under high-density cultivation is significant for ensuring high maize yields and sustainable water resource utilization.From April to October 2023,field experiments were conducted at the Zhangye Water-saving Agriculture Experimental Station in the Hexi Irrigation District to study the effects of different irrigation capacities(270.0,390.0,510.0,630.0 mm)on the quality of the maize population,yield,and water use efficiency under high-density cultivation conditions.Results showed that as irrigation volume increased,both dry matter and yield of maize tended to increase.The highest dry matter and yield were observed under high irrigation(630.0 mm),with medium irrigation(510.0 mm)achieving dry matter and yield of 32 013.36 and 16 000.31 kg/ha,respectively,only 2.89%and 3.13%lower than those of high irrigation,while data were significantly decreased under 390.0 and 270.0 mm irrigation.The photosynthetic potential and growth rate of each treatment increased and then decreased as the growth progressed,peaking 20 days after silking,and increased with irrigation volume;from 20 days post-silking to the middle of grain filling,the decline in photosynthetic potential was 0.38%and 2.40%under 510.0 and 390.0 mm irrigation,respectively,with growth rate declines of 26.16%and 30.19%,both lower than those under high and low irrigation(270.0 mm).Water use efficiency of maize first increased and then decreased with rising irrigation and water consumption,with 26.21 and 25.14 kg/(ha·mm)under 390.0 and 510.0 mm irrigation,respectively,no significant differences were detected,whereas the highest yield under high irrigation and the lowest water consumption under low irrigation were only 22.77 and 23.98 kg/(ha·mm),respectively which were significantly lower than those under 390.0 and 510.0 mm irrigation.Considering both maize yield and water use efficiency,an irrigation volume of 510.0 mm during the growth period is suitable under a planting density of 117 000 plants/ha,achieving goals of increasing yield and saving water.
MaizeHigh-density cultivationIrrigation volumeYieldWater use efficiencyPopulation quality
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