摘要
为了给戈壁日光温室番茄基质生产中保水剂的合理添加提供技术依据,以酒番 6 号为试材,设置正常灌溉水平下不添加保水剂、添加 90 kg/hm2 凹凸棒、添加 90 kg/hm2 高分子树脂 3 个处理;定植后 7d减量灌水15%水平下不添加保水剂、添加 90 kg/hm2 凹凸棒、添加 90 kg/hm2 高分子树脂 3 个处理,研究了添加不同保水剂对戈壁日光温室基质栽培番茄生长、品质和产量的影响.结果表明,在正常灌溉水平下,与对照不添加保水剂相比较,添加 90 kg/hm2 凹凸棒和 90 kg/hm2 高分子树脂处理的番茄产量提高 5.67%～5.85%,可溶性糖、可溶性蛋白、维生素C、可溶性固形物含量及水分利用效率分别提高 10.83%～12.50%、11.88%～38.61%、1.98%～2.20%、7.74%～13.47%、5.70%～5.89%.减量灌水 15%水平下,添加 90 kg/hm2 凹凸棒和 90 kg/hm2 高分子树脂处理的番茄产量提高 8.65%～15.48%,可溶性糖、可溶性蛋白、维生素C含量及水分利用效率分别提高 30.50%～37.24%、70.14%～84.86%、15.83%～18.38%、8.64%～15.50%,可溶性固形物含量降低 3.36%～17.75%.表明添加保水剂可显著提高番茄植株生长,提高产量,改善果实品质.主成分分析表明,正常灌溉水平(4 500 m3/hm2)下,以添加90 kg/hm2 高分子树脂效果最佳.
Abstract
To study the effects of adding different water-retaining agents on tomato growth,quality and yield,and to provide technical basis for reasonable addition of water-retaining agents in tomato substrate production in Gobi solar greenhouse,Jiufan 6 was used as the test material and 3 treatments were set,i.e.,no water retaining agent,90 kg/ha attapulgite and 90 kg/ha polymer resin,under normal irrigation level.One week after colonization,there were 3 treatments i.e.,no water retaining agent,90 kg/ha attapulgite and 90 kg/ha polymer resin at the reduced irrigation level of 15%,and a total of 6 treatments were performed to explore the effects of different water-retaining agents on the growth,quality,and yield of tomatoes.Results showed that under normal irrigation level,yields of tomatoes treated with 90 kg/ha attapulgite and 90 kg/ha polymer resin were increased by 5.67%to 5.85%.Contents of soluble sugar,soluble protein,vitamin C,soluble solid and water use efficiency were increased by 10.83%to 12.50%,11.88%to 38.61%,1.98%to 2.20%,7.74%to 13.47%and 5.70%to 5.89%,respectively.The yield of tomatoes treated with 90 kg/ha attapulgite and 90 kg/ha polymer resin increased by 8.65%to 15.48%at the reduced irrigation level of 15%.Contents of soluble sugar,soluble protein,vitamin C and water use efficiency were increased by 30.50%to 37.24%,70.14%to 84.86%,15.83%to 18.38%and 8.64%to 15.50%,respectively,while soluble solid content was decreased by 3.36%to 17.75%.Adding water-retaining agent can significantly promote tomato plant growth,increase yield and improve fruit quality.Principal component analysis showed that under normal irrigation level(4 500 m3/ha),adding 90 kg/ha polymer resin had the best effect.
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