Research Progress on Effects of Saline-alkali Stress on Plants and Their Resistance Mechanisms
Salt-alkali stress is one of the main abiotic stresses that inhibit plant growth and development,second only to drought stress.It not only affects plant growth and development but also poses a serious threat to agricultural production and the ecological environment.Studying the mechanisms of plant salt-alkali tolerance has significant practical implications for the breeding of salt-alkali tolerant crops and the development and utilization of salt-alkali land.Based on recent domestic and international research,this paper summarizes the mechanisms of salt-alkali stress on plant metabolism,including ion damage,membrane system damage,and induced osmotic damage.It reviews the mechanisms by which plants mitigate salt-alkali stress,focusing on membrane system protection and induced gene expression.It further suggests that the introduction of exogenous substances,biotechnological methods,and the cultivation of salt-alkali tolerant varieties are the main strategies to address plant salt-alkali resistance.Finally,the paper looks forward to research on plant adaptation to salt-alkali stress,pointing out the issues and breakthroughs that current researchers need to address.The aim is to provide a theoretical basis for improving plant salt-alkali tolerance and increasing crop yields.
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