Breeding Report on the Medium-strong Gluten Spring Wheat Variety Xiyoumai 1
To achieve the improvement of new wheat varieties in Gansu,a breeding program combining high-quality strong gluten and high yield was conducted.Xiyoumai 1,a new spring wheat variety,was bred through crossbreeding between Gu 82-68 as the female parent and Z0022-5-5-2 as the male parent,followed by pedigree selection,hybridization,and high-generation gluten content testing.In the 2021 to 2022 regional experiment for new spring wheat varieties in Gansu s dryland areas,Xiyoumai1 showed an average yield of 2 532.90 kg/ha among 10 experimental sites,an increase of 9.81% to that of the control variety,Xihan 2.In the 2023 production experiment,the average yield of Xiyoumai1 was 3 054.00 kg/ha,8.84% higher than that of the control.It is a spring variety with a growth period of 102 days,compact plant type,and good field appearance.It produces 2.955 million spikes per hectare,35.7 grains per spike,with a thousand-grain weight of 35.8 g and a bulk density of 769 g/L.The grain contains 172.7 g/kg of crude protein(dry basis)and 395.0 g/kg of wet gluten(14% wet basis),meeting the national standard for high-quality medium-strong gluten wheat.It shows moderate resistance to stripe rust and powdery mildew in the field and is suitable for cultivation in Gansu's central dryland spring wheat areas and similar ecological regions in the semi-arid,rain-fed agricultural areas of northwestern China.
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