When an intercity railway extends into the central urban area and subterranean stations under challenging conditions,overlapping vertical curves(the gradient change point)and transition curves are permitted in ballastless track sections.This study examined and assessed the impact of the positional relation between vertical and transition curves on the riding comfort of train operation,concluded the appropriate adaptive strategies,and proposed a technical approach to refine the integrated configuration of vertical and transition curves for improved train operations.The findings suggest the following:(1)Vertical curves and transition curves should typically avoid overlapping.Where overlap is unavoidable,stringent criteria must be enforced concerning the compatibility between vertical and horizontal curves.(2)The type of vertical curve,whether a crest or sag,installed at the gradient change point has a significant impact when combined with horizontal curves,leading to different spatial geometrical arrangements.These configurations variably influence the wheel-to-rail contact efficiency and consequent lateral and vertical disturbances of the train,ultimately affecting the riding comfort.(3)Maintaining a suitable spatial relationship between vertical and transition curves is advantageous in enhancing overall track conditions.
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