Comparative study on arc characteristics of hollow and solid electrode electric furnace melting titanium slag
In order to further explore the advantages of hollow electrode technology in titanium slag electric furnace smelting process,based on the actual electrode size of 25.5 MW titanium slag electric furnace,the mathematical models of hollow and solid electrode arc were established,and the distribu-tion characteristics of electromagnetic field,temperature field and flow field of hollow and solid elec-trode arc were simulated.The effects of current magnitude and arc length on the surface temperature distribution of molten pool were studied.The results show that the larger values of current density,joule heating value,velocity,and temperature in the arc are located near the cathode spot.In the situation of hollow electrode,the area is below the centerline of the inner and outer diameters.And in the situation of solid electrode,the area is near the central axis.When using hollow electrode,the surrounding arc will converge towards the central axis,which is beneficial for improving the efficiency of arc heating materials.When the current value increases from 34 kA to 54 kA,the average surface temperature of the molten pool in both cases increases by 708 K and 109 K,respectively.When the arc length was reduced from 0.3 m to 0.1 m,the average surface temperature of the molten pool in both cases increased by 2 500 K and 46 K,respectively.Compared to solid electrode,the hollow electrode is more suitable for using the operation mode of high current and short arc length,and the reasonable control of arc length has a more significant effect on improving the heating efficiency of hollow electrode arc.
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