With the development of civil society, the enlightening intellectuals replaced Medieval clergy, step by step, and became the leaders in ideology. As the enlightening intellectuals were in good match of their self-identity, they were regarded as the first generation of modem intellectuals. The isomorphic relations of knowledge and power endowed the enlightening intellectuals the roles of revolutionary leaders, public educators, and state power perpetrators. However, the power of enlightenment had also its limitations, which were shown mainly in the dualistic relationship between the people who enlightened and those who were enlightened and in the limited level of enlightenment that the enlightening intellectuals could do at that time.
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