Computational Paradigms in Smart City Planning:Characterization,Dilemmas and Transformation
The rapid development of algorithmic technology has brought about a"computational paradigm"in smart city planning,which has had a profound impact on modern urban planning.The computational paradigm is characterized by the reliance on computational technology in infrastructure,the promotion of algorithmic administration in institutional design,and the presupposition of computationalism in urban ontology.However,the computational paradigm also faces difficulties as follows:the complexity of the city,which makes it difficult for algorithms to achieve a perfect measurement of the city;the"smartness"of the city cannot be generated solely by the instrumental rationality of algorithms;and there is a power orientation behind the rhetoric of objectivity of algorithms.To overcome these difficulties,the future computational paradigm should take the complex city as the logical starting point at the ontological level,consider system synergy as the realization method at the methodological level,and adhere to the value orientation of human-centeredness at the value theory level.Critical reflection on the computational paradigm will help to understand the mismatch between theory and reality in the construction of contemporary smart cities and provide practical guidance for the development of smart cities in China.
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