Moving Forward in the Cracks:Governance Evolution and Implementation Dilemma of Urban Renewal in Macao S.A.R.
Urban renewal has become an important way for urban space expansion besides land reclamation in Macao S.A.R.Since 2013,the urban renewal in Macao S.A.R.has experienced institutional transformation from"old area regeneration"to"urban renewal",which reflects the logic evolution of renewal governance under the leadership of the government.This study first analyzes the institutional improvement,governance logic and governance difficulties of urban renewal in Macao,and then takes Iao Hon renewal project as an example to evaluate the impact of urban renewal institutional change to project implementation.It reveals that under the influence of constraints of urban transformation resources,private land acquisition,urban landscape and development control constraints as well as urban positioning swing and planning absence,urban renewal in Macao S.A.R.is facing multiple difficulties.The governance model of government supervision and Macao Urban Renewal Company operation reflects the internal logic of"Power delegation-Financing expansion-Livelihood economy".However,the urban renewal system under construction has not solved the underlying problems such as the solidification of private property rights consciousness and the difficulty of social consensus achievement in Macao's urban renewal.The absence of urban planning control and supporting policies hinders the implementation of the new urban renewal institution.Urban renewal in Macao should be further improved based on local governance environment,and improve the ability of multiple cooperation so as to gradually dissolve the multiple constraints.