首页|诺如病毒混合基因型致沈阳市某高校胃肠炎暴发的分子流行病学分析

诺如病毒混合基因型致沈阳市某高校胃肠炎暴发的分子流行病学分析

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目的 明确2020年11月沈阳市一起由混合基因型诺如病毒引起的某高校胃肠炎暴发的分子流行病学特征.方法 收集该起暴发的流行病学和病例临床信息,采集病例粪便或肛拭子样本、相关餐具等样本,采用实时荧光RT-PCR对胃肠炎主要病毒(诺如病毒等)进行检测,诺如病毒阳性样本进行RT-PCR扩增,PCR产物测序,采用Mega 7.0软件进行序列分析.结果2020年11月16~30日该高校共报告疑似病例229例,罹患率2.8%(229/8 270).临床症状中腹泻占比最高(92.7%),不同症状之间差异有统计学意义(x2=46.683,P<0.001).在229名感染患者中,男女比为1:79(82:147);各年龄段均有发病,<20岁的人群罹患率最高53.3%(122/229);校内不同职业的罹患率差异有统计学意义(x2=433.049,P<0.001).229份病例和90份环境样本的检出率分别为34.1%(78/229)和8.9%(8/90).采用分型RT-PCR对86份诺如病毒阳性样本进行扩增及测序,其中19份样本测序成功,共分为4个基因型,分别为GⅡ.4 Sydney[P16](1份,5.3%)、GⅡ.6a[P7](11 份,57.9%)、GⅡ.2[P16](5 份,26.3%)和 GⅠ.7b[P7](3 份,15.8%),其中有1份为GⅡ.6a[P7]和GⅠ.7b[P7]混合感染,每个基因型的标本序列同源性均在99.6%~100%之间.结论 该起暴发由4种诺如病毒基因型共同感染引起,存在GⅠ和GⅡ组混合感染病例,为今后高校诺如病毒胃肠炎暴发的预防控制提供了科学依据.
Molecular epidemiological analysis of gastroenteritis outbreak in a university in Shenyang caused by mixed genotypes of norovirus
Objective To clarify the molecular epidemiological characteristics of a gastroenteritis outbreak in a university caused by mixed genotype norovirus in November 2020 in Shenyang.Methods The epidemiological and clinical information of the outbreak,samples of feces or anal swabs of cases,relevant tableware and other samples were collected.Real-time fluorescence RT-PCR was used to detect major viruses of gastroenteritis(norovirus,etc.).The norovirus-positive samples were amplified by RT-PCR,and PCR products were sequenced.Mega 7.0 software was used for sequence analysis.Results A total of 229 suspected cases were reported in this university from November 16 to 30,2020,with an attack rate of 2.8%(229/8 270).Diarrhea account the highest proportion in the clinical symptoms(92.7%).The difference among various symptoms was statistically significant(x2=46.683,P<0.001).Among the 229 infected patients,the male-to-female ratio was 1:1.79(82:147).All age groups were affected and the highest attack rate was 53.3%(122/229)in<20 years old group.The difference in the attack rates of various occupations in the school was statistically significant(x2=433.049,P<0.001).The detection rates of the 229 samples from cases and 90 environmental samples were 34.1%(78/229)and 8.9%(8/90),respectively.The RT-PCR for genotyping was used to amplify and sequencing for 86 norovirus-positive samples.Nineteen samples were successfully sequenced and were classified into 4 genotypes,including GⅡ.4 Sydney[P16](1,5.3%),GⅡ.6a[P7](11,57.9%),GⅡ.2[P16](5,26.3%)and GⅠ.7b[P7](3,15.8%).One sample was identified as mixed infection of GⅡ.6a[P7]and GⅠ.7b[P7].The similarities of sequences within each genotype ranged from 99.6%to 100%.Conclusions The outbreak was caused by four genotypes of norovirus,and there was case of mixed infection by GⅠ and GⅡ group viruses.This provides a scientific basis for the prevention and control of future outbreaks of gastroenteritis by norovirus in colleges and universities.

NorovirusOutbreakCo-infectionSchools

丛实、李春风、陈玲、栗凡、陈叶、杨艳辉、曹丽娇、靳淼、王冰、段招军

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沈阳医学院公共卫生学院 110034

沈阳市浑南区疾病预防控制中心传染病防制科 110000

沈阳市疾病预防中心传染病防制所 110000

传染病溯源预警与智能决策全国重点实验室卫生部医学病毒和病毒病重点实验室中国疾病预防控制中心病毒病预防控制所,北京 102206

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诺如病毒 暴发 混合感染 学校

沈阳市科学技术计划-公共卫生研发专项

21-173-9-03

2024

国际病毒学杂志
中华医学会,北京市疾病预防控制中心

国际病毒学杂志

CSTPCD北大核心
影响因子:1.826
ISSN:1673-4092
年,卷(期):2024.31(1)
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