Epidemiological characteristics and regression analysis of viral hepatitis A in Shaanxi province from 2005 to 2022
Objective To investigate the incidence trend and epidemiological characteristics of viral hepatitis A(hepatitis A)in Shaanxi province from 2005 to 2022.Methods The incidence data of hepatitis A from January 1,2005 to December 31,2022 were collected.Descriptive epidemiological methods were used to analyze the epidemiological characteristics of hepatitis A,and Joinpoint regression model was used to analyze the trend of incidence among different regions,genders and age groups.Results A total of 11 747 cases of hepatitis A were reported in Shaanxi province from 2005 to 2022,with an average annual incidence of 1.72/100 000.The overall incidence showed a downward trend(AAPC=-13.0％,t=-6.6,P＜0.01),from 4.72/100 000 in 2005 to 0.40/100 000 in 2021.The turning points were in 2008 and 2011.There were slow declines in 2005-2008 and 2011-2022,and a rapid decline in 2008-2011.Farmers(48.03％)and students(19.42％)were the main affected population,and the age group was mainly 10-54 years old(68.72％).The incidence rates of male and female showed a rapid downward trend since 2007 and 2008,respectively.The ratio of male to female was 1.56∶1,showing a fluctuating downward trend from 1.75∶1 in 2005 to 0.96∶1 in 2022.Conclusions The reported incidence of hepatitis A showed a downward trend in Shaanxi province,and the prevention and control measures based on hepatitis A vaccine were effective.It is necessary to continue to strengthen the surveillance of hepatitis A.The hepatitis A vaccination for the school-age children and key groups should be implemented.Health education should be carry out for developing good health habits and controlling the incidence of hepatitis A at a lower level.
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