Evolution and clinical characteristics of SARS-CoV-2
杨素梅 1廖忠惠 1崔妍欣 1仪洪洋 2卢洪洲2
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作者信息
1. 蚌埠医科大学公共卫生学院，蚌埠 233030
2. 深圳市第三人民医院国家感染性疾病临床医学研究中心 肝病研究所，深圳 518112
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摘要
SARS-CoV-2以其严重的致病性、快速的传播速率以及高频的突变率给全球带来了严重的灾难。自SARS-CoV-2暴发以来，在各种自然环境、治疗药物以及疫苗的选择压力下，出现多种变异株，其在复制、传播、致病性、免疫逃逸以及诱发长新冠的能力上都有着不同的表现，增加了COVID-19疫情防控的不确定因素。本文对多种SARS-CoV-2变异株（Alpha毒株、Beta毒株、Gamma毒株、Delta毒株以及Omicron毒株）的演化过程与临床特征进行总结，为SARS-CoV-2的防控与治疗提供理论支持。 SARS-CoV-2 has brought severe disaster across the world with its significant pathogenicity, rapid transmission rate, and high mutation frequency. Since the outbreak of SARS-CoV-2, various mutant strains have emerged under the selective pressures of natural environments, therapeutic drugs, and vaccines. These strains exhibit different characteristics in replication, transmission, pathogenicity, immune escape, and the ability to induce long COVID, which increase the uncertainty in the prevention and control of COVID-19. This review summarizes the evolutionary process and clinical features of various SARS-CoV-2 variants (Alpha, Beta, Gamma, Delta, and Omicron strains), providing theoretical support for the prevention and treatment of SARS-CoV-2.
Abstract
SARS-CoV-2 has brought severe disaster across the world with its significant pathogenicity, rapid transmission rate, and high mutation frequency. Since the outbreak of SARS-CoV-2, various mutant strains have emerged under the selective pressures of natural environments, therapeutic drugs, and vaccines. These strains exhibit different characteristics in replication, transmission, pathogenicity, immune escape, and the ability to induce long COVID, which increase the uncertainty in the prevention and control of COVID-19. This review summarizes the evolutionary process and clinical features of various SARS-CoV-2 variants (Alpha, Beta, Gamma, Delta, and Omicron strains), providing theoretical support for the prevention and treatment of SARS-CoV-2.
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