Endothelial glycocalyx(EG)is a layer of negatively charged villus-like structure located on the inner side of the endothelial lumen of blood vessels,which is a complex of polysaccharide molecules bound to proteins.As an important barrier protecting the vascular endothelium during shock,vascular EG plays important physiological functions such as regulating vascular tone,modulating cell signal transduction,maintaining vascular integrity,and regulating inflammation and coagulation disorders,thereby maintaining intravascular homeostasis in the body.The structural destruction and shedding of EG during the onset of shock is one of the primary causes of microcirculatory disorders.Antishock drugs targeting EG mainly reduce the shedding of EG components,maintain endothelial structural integrity,and improve microvascular permeability to treat shock by inhibiting the expression of EG-degrading enzymes and inflammatory factors.In-depth exploration of the specific injury mechanisms of vascular EG injury and its therapeutic targets can provide theoretical basis and therapeutic references for drug exploration targeting EG and clinical treatment of shock.
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