Type 2 immunity is the main mechanism of bronchial asthma.Under the influence of allergens and pathogens,airway epithelium releases interleukin(IL)-33 and thymic stromal lymphopoietin(TSLP),which promote the activation,maturation,and differentiation of type 2 innate lymphocytes(ILC2s)at inflammation sites.ILC2s produce core type 2 cytokines such as IL-4,IL-5,and IL-13,leading to bronchial asthma.They interact with various ILC2s,other subgroups of innate lymphocytes(ILCs),and different types of immune cells,contributing to the development and progression of bronchial asthma,as well as asthma co-morbidities and steroid resistance.ILC2s are regulated by cytokines,nutrients,lipid mediators,neuropeptides,neurotransmitters,and hormones.Intervening in these regulatory processes offers promising prospects for the treatment of bronchial asthma.
type 2 innate lymphocytesbronchial asthmatype 2 immunity
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