New advances in the healing of vulnerable coronary plaques
The healing of vulnerable plaques is a crucial protective mechanism against acute coronary syndrome(ACS).Plaque rupture or erosion leading to platelet aggregation and thrombus formation is a prerequisite for plaque healing.Local thrombus dissolution,granulation tissue formation,and re-endothelialization of the vessel,achieving vascular recanalization,can result in a subclinical state that interrupts the pathological progression of ACS.Extensive clinical data suggest that healed plaques may be associated with the stabilization of subclinical lesions in patients;however,they also exhibit high levels of vascular inflammation and plaque vulnerability,indicating that early intervention is a key strategy to promote plaque healing.Biomarkers such as trimethylamine N-oxide and brain-derived neurotrophic factor can indicate the status of plaque healing.Timely treatment aimed at stabilizing plaques and regulating the healing of vulnerable plaques may provide new approaches to preventing the onset of ACS and reducing mortality.
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