Analysis of the mediating effect of subjective well-being on the relationship between social support and depression in menopausal women based on 2020 CHARLS data
Analysis of the mediating effect of subjective well-being on the relationship between social support and depression in menopausal women based on 2020 CHARLS data
谢冰 1王诗云 2欧阳艳琼 2徐雅南1
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作者信息
1. 深圳市儿童医院泌尿外科,深圳 518000
2. 武汉大学护理学院,武汉 430060
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摘要
目的:本研究探讨更年期女性社会支持、主观幸福感和抑郁之间的关系,并分析主观幸福感在社会支持与抑郁之间的中介效应.方法:基于中国健康与养老追踪调查(China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Survey,CHARLS)2020年的最新数据,选取45～55岁资料完整的更年期女性作为研究对象,删除缺失值、逻辑错误值以及异常值,最终获得有效数据2 910份.采用流调中心抑郁量表(Center for Epidemiological Survey-Depression Scale,CES-D)评测更年期女性抑郁水平及发生率;从客观社会支持、主观社会支持以及对支持的利用度3个维度描述社会支持状况;基于更年期女性对生活、医疗、健康和婚姻的满意度来评估其主观幸福感水平.采用Pearson相关性分析探讨更年期女性社会支持、抑郁和主观幸福感的相关性,采用SPSS-process插件进行中介效应分析.结果:更年期女性社会支持得分为13.25±3.27,抑郁得分为12.45±6.76,主观幸福感得分为11.51±1.94;以抑郁得分超过10为抑郁判定标准,抑郁发生率为46.84%.社会支持与抑郁水平呈负相关(r=-0.452,P<0.05),与主观幸福感呈正相关(r=0.223,P<0.05).主观幸福感在更年期女性社会支持与抑郁之间的效应值为0.126,占总效应值的21.65%.结论:主观幸福感在更年期女性社会支持与抑郁之间发挥部分中介效应,通过提升更年期女性主观幸福感水平可改善其抑郁症状,为制定针对更年期女性抑郁的心理干预措施和社会支持策略提供科学依据.
Abstract
Objective:This study aims to investigate the relationship among social support,subjective well-being,and depression in menopausal women and to analyze the mediating effect of subjective well-being on the relationship between social support and depression.Methods:Based on the latest data from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Survey(CHARLS)2020,menopausal women aged 45-55 with complete data were selected.Missing,logically inconsistent,and abnormal values were excluded,yielding 2 910 valid samples.Depression levels and incidence were assessed using the Center for Epidemiological Survey-Depression Scale(CES-D).Social support was evaluated across 3 dimensions:Objective support,subjective support,and utilization of support.Subjective well-being was assessed based on satisfaction with life,healthcare,health,and marriage.Pearson correlation analysis was used to examine the relationships among social support,depression,and subjective well-being,while SPSS-process was employed to analyze the mediating effect.Results:The social support score of menopausal women was 13.25±3.27,the depression score was 12.45±6.76,and the subjective well-being score was 11.51±1.94.Using CES-D score>10 as the threshold,the depression incidence was 46.84%.Social support was negatively correlated with depression(r=-0.452,P<0.05)and positively correlated with subjective well-being(r=0.223,P<0.05).The effect size of subjective well-being between social support and depression in menopausal women was 0.126,accounting for 21.65%of the total effect size.Conclusion:Subjective well-being partially mediates the relationship between social support and depression in menopausal women.Enhancing subjective well-being can alleviate depressive symptoms,providing a scientific basis for developing psychological interventions and social support strategies targeting menopausal women with depression.
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