Research progress on glucose management indicators and chronic complications of Type 2 diabetic mellitus
Chronic complications of diabetes can affect multiple major organs and include both microvascular and macrovascular damage.Large blood glucose fluctuations increase the incidence of chronic complications in Type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM)patients.The glucose management indicator(GMI)is calculated using the average glucose(AG)from continuous glucose monitoring(CGM)and a linear regression equation with glycosylated hemoglobin(HbA1c),reflecting short-term blood glucose control and fluctuations,and is associated with chronic complications of diabetes.Compared with HbA1c,GMI is less affected by confounding factors such as anemia,chronic kidney disease,and pregnancy.Studies have shown that GMI can predict the severity of diabetic retinopathy(DR)and diabetic kidney disease(DKD).Summarizing the current research on GMI in T2DM chronic complications helps address the limitations of HbA1c and provides a more accurate basis for the prevention and treatment of chronic complications through short-time blood glucose monitoring.