Hereditary coagulation factor Ⅶ deficiency is a rare hereditary hemorrhagic disorder that can be life-threatening in young children if not properly managed in combination with pneumothorax.This article summarizes the nursing experience of a child with hereditary coagulation factor Ⅶ deficiency combined with pneumothorax.Nursing points include observation of the patient's condition,monitoring of coagulation function,nursing care for closed thoracic drainage,medication nursing for coagulation factor therapy,prevention blood clots and infections,psychological care and discharge health education.With active treatment and careful nursing,the patient's condition remained stable and improved,and he was discharged.