Research progress in immunotherapy and targeted therapy for gastric cancer and esophagogastric junction cancer
Gastric cancer and esophagogastric junction cancer(EGJC)are one of the world's most common types of malignant tumors.Traditional treatment methods mainly include radiotherapy,chemotherapy,and surgery,but the patients'prognosis is limited.In recent years,with the development in treatment methods,immunotherapy and targeted therapy are gradually recognized as the first-line treatment methods.In immunotherapy,nivolumab and pabolizumab have shown clear efficacy in patients with programmed death-ligand 1 positive,while other immunotherapies(such as tumor vaccine,engineered T cells,and non-specific immunomodulators)are still being tested or developed.In addition,targeted therapy has only shown comparatively large therapeutic potential in certain specific populations or in second-line treatment.For instance,tratuzumab has a clear curative effect on patients with positive human epidermal growth factor receptor 2,but has suboptimal efficacy in patients with amplification of other molecular targets.An in-depth discussion of the research progress of immunotherapy and targeted therapy in gastric cancer and EGJC will help to improve the prognosis of patients and provide a reference for accurate treatment of tumors.
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