Objective To investigate the effects of subcutaneous injection of granulocyte colony-stimulating factor(G-CSF)combined with low molecular weight heparin(LMWH)on the clinical pregnancy outcome of freeze-thaw embryo transfer(FET)in patients with unexplained repeated implantation failure(URIF)during in vitro fertilization/intracytoplasmic sperm injection(IVF/ICSI)cycles.Methods The data of URIF patients who underwent IVF/ICSI in the department of reproductive medicine of Handan central hospital from January 2017 to March 2023 were analyzed,according to the treatment methods,group A received subcutaneous injection of G-CSF combined with LMWH during FET cycle,group B received subcutaneous injection of G-CSF,group C received subcutaneous injection of LMWH,group D received conventional luteal support therapy.According to the patients'basic data,the propensity score matching was performed,and the caliper value was set to 0.02.The FET cycle characteristics,clinical pregnancy outcome,obstetric outcome and neonatal outcome and major adverse reactions were compared.Results There was no statistical significance in the characteristics of patients in each group during the FET cycle(P＞0.05).There were significant differences in embryo implantation rate,clinical pregnancy rate and β-human chorionic gonadotropin(HCG)positive rate among all groups(P=0.002,P=0.006,P=0.007).There were no significant differences in term birth rate,preterm birth rate,twin rate,obstetric complications rate(pregnation-induced hypertension rate,premature rupture rate)and neonatal complications rate(macrosomia rate,low birth weight rate)among all groups(P＞0.05).Conclusion G-CSF combined LMWH subcutaneously can improve the embryos grow rate,clinical pregnancy rate and β-HCG positive rate of FET cycle in URIF patients,which is an effective treatment.
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