Objective To investigate the therapeutic effect of Compound Xiaohuoluo Pills combined with tofacitinib in treatment of rheumatoid arthritis.Methods A total of 128 patients with rheumatoid arthritis admitted to the Department of Orthopedics of Tianjin Beicchen Hospital from July 2021 to July 2023 were selected and divided into control group and treatment group according to random number method,with 64 cases in each group.Patients in the control group were po administered with Tofacitinib Citrate Tablets,1tablet/time,twice daily.Patients in the treatment group were po administered with Compound Xiaohuoluo Pills on the basis of the control group,1 pill/time with warm water,twice daily.Both groups were treated continuously for 7 weeks.The clinical efficacy and symptom improvement time of two groups were observed,and the changes of visual analogue scale(VAS)score,interleukin-6(IL-6),anti-cyclic citcitine peptide antibody(anti-CCP),B-cell chemokine CXC ligand 13(CXCL13),and tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α)before and after treatment were compared.Results After treatment,the total effective rate of the treatment group was 98.44%,which was significantly higher than that of the control group(84.38%,P<0.05).After treatment,the improvement time of joint pain,joint swelling,joint stiffness,and joint flexion and extension in treatment group was significantly shorter than that in control group(P<0.05).After treatment,VAS pain scores in both groups were significantly lower than those before treatment(P<0.05).After treatment,the VAS pain score of treatment group was lower than that of the control group(P<0.05).After treatment,serum levels of IL-6,anti-CCP,CXCL13,and TNF-α in 2 groups were significantly decreased compared with before treatment(P<0.05).After treatment,the levels of IL-6,anti-CCP,CXCL13,and TNF-α in treatment group were lower than those in control group(P<0.05).Conclusion Compound Xiaohuoluo Pills combined with tofacitinib has good clinical effect in treatment of rheumatoid arthritis,and can shorten the time of symptom improvement,reduce VAS pain score and serum inflammatory factor level,which is worth learning for application.