Clinical characteristics and research advances in diagnosis and treatment of combined pulmonary fibrosis and emphysema syndrome
Combined Pulmonary Fibrosis and Emphysema(CPFE)syndrome is a new clinical syndrome distinct from pure emphysema or pulmonary fibrosis,which is characterized by emphysema in the upper lungs and fibrosis in the lower lungs on imaging.The etiology of CPFE is currently unknown,and there is a lack of unified diagnostic and treatment guidelines both in China and globally.The syndrome is associated with multiple complications and poor prognosis.Therefore,early i-dentification and intervention of CPFE patients have become a major challenge for respiratory physicians.This article pro-vides a comprehensive review of the etiology,pathogenesis,clinical manifestations,auxiliary examinations,diagnosis,treat-ment,complications,and prognosis of CPFE,aiming to provide a reference for the clinical diagnosis and treatment of this disease.
Combined pulmonary fibrosis and emphysema syndromePulmonary fibrosisEmphysemaTreatment
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