Analysis of varicella epidemic and vaccination status in a district of Chengdu City from 2018 to 2022
Objective This study aims to analyze the epidemic patterns of varicella and the vaccination status in a district of Chengdu City from 2018 to 2022 to provide evidence for future prevention and control of varicella.Methods Varicella case information and vaccination data of individuals residing in a district of Chengdu City from 2018 to 2022 were exported from the China Information System for Disease Control and Prevention and the Sichuan Provincial Information Management Sys-tem for Immunization Program.Epidemiological analysis of varicella epidemic,case distribution,and vaccination status was conducted using SPSS 25.0 software.Results A total of 2 157 varicella cases were reported in a district of Chengdu City from 2018 to 2022,and the incidence rate showed a decreasing trend(x2trend=126.182,P＜0.001).The number of reported cases showed a bimodal distribution each year,with the first peak occurring from April to June,with a total of 630 cases(29.21％),and the second peak occurring from October to December,with a total of 798 cases(37.00％).During the five-year period,there were 24 clusters of varicella outbreaks,but no epidemic outbreaks.Among them,15 outbreaks occurred in primary schools(62.50％)and 9 outbreaks in middle schools(37.50％).Overall,1 144 male cases and 1 013 female ca-ses were observed,with a higher incidence rate in males than in females(39.99/100 000 vs.36.57/100 000;x2=4.009,P=0.045).The age of onset of varicella cases ranged from 1 month to 68 years,with the highest incidence rate in the＜1 year age group(229.26/100 000)and the second highest in the 7-14 year age group(194.44/100 000).There was a trend of later onset of varicella in different age groups,and the incidence rate decreased in all age groups.The majority of cases were students,with a total of 1 095 cases,accounting for 50.76％of the reported cases.The second most common occupa-tion was other professionals,with a total of 687 cases,accounting for 31.85％of the reported cases.Statistically significant differences were found in the occupational distribution of reported varicella cases in a district of Chengdu City in different years(x2=17.698,P=0.024).The average vaccination rate for varicella vaccine among 1-year-old children in a district of Chengdu City from 2018 to 2022 was 80.48％.No correlation was noted between varicella vaccination rate and incidence rate(r=-0.500,P=0.391).Conclusion The prevention and control of varicella in a district of Chengdu City from 2018 to 2022 has achieved marked results.Schools are high-risk areas for varicella outbreaks,suggesting that the district should continue to strengthen varicella health education,vaccination,epidemic monitoring,and standardized control measures.
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