摘要
目的 探究对慢性阻塞性肺疾病(COPD)缓解期患者进行基于行为 目标达成度的综合护理干预的效果,以期为COPD缓解期患者的护理干预方案选择提供参考.方法 选取2022年3月-2023年3月四川大学华西医院收治的92例COPD缓解期患者为研究对象,采用随机数字表法分为对照组与观察组,每组46例.对照组患者采用常规护理干预,观察组患者采用基于行为 目标达成度的综合护理干预.比较2组患者干预前后疾病认知、自我管理能力、健康行为及生活质量.结果 2组患者干预前COPD知识态度行为量表的知识、态度、行为3个维度评分及总分比较,差异均无统计学意义(P＞0.05);2组患者干预后COPD知识态度行为量表3个维度评分及总分均高于干预前,且观察组均高于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P＜0.05).2组患者干预前中文版COPD自我管理量表(COPD-SMS)的情绪管理、日常生活管理、信息管理、症状管理、自我效能5个维度评分及总分比较,差异均无统计学意义(P＞0.05);2组患者干预后中文版COPD-SMS量表5个维度评分及总分均高于干预前,且观察组均高于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P＜0.05).2组患者干预前健康促进生活方式量表(HPLP)的营养、自我实现、躯体活动、健康责任感、人际关系、压力调节6个维度评分及总分比较,差异均无统计学意义(P＞0.05);观察组患者干预后HPLP量表6个维度评分及总分均高于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P＜0.05).2组患者干预前中文版生活质量评价量表(SF-36)的精神健康、活动、社会功能、情感职能、生理功能、总体健康、躯体疼痛、生理职能8个维度评分及总分比较,差异均无统计学意义(P＞0.05);2组患者干预后SF-36量表8个维度评分及总分均高于干预前,且观察组均高于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P＜0.05).结论 对COPD缓解期患者采用基于行为目标达成度的综合护理干预,有助于增强患者的疾病认知,提升其自我管理能力,同时促进健康行为的养成和生活质量的提高,值得在临床推广.
Abstract
Objective To investigate the effectiveness of comprehensive nursing intervention based on behavioral goal achieve-ment for patients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease(COPD)during remission,providing evidence for nursing in-tervention strategies in this patient population.Methods A total of 92 COPD patients in remission,treated at West China Hospital,Sichuan University from March 2022 to March 2023,were selected and randomly assigned to control and observa-tion groups,each with 46 patients.The control group received routine nursing,while the observation group received com-prehensive nursing intervention based on behavioral goal achievement.Pre-and post-intervention comparisons were made be-tween the two groups regarding disease cognition,self-management ability,health behavior,and quality of life.Results Before in-tervention,there were no statistically significant differences between the two groups in the scores of the knowledge,attitude,and behavior subscales of the COPD Knowledge,Attitude,and Practice Scale,nor in the total score(P＞0.05).After interven-tion,the scores of the three dimensions and the total score were significantly higher in both groups,with the observation group scoring higher than the control group(P＜0.05).No statistically significant differences were observed between the two groups in the five subscales(emotional management,daily life management,information management,symptom man-agement,and self-efficacy)and total score of the Chinese version of the COPD Self-Management Scale(COPD-SMS)before intervention(P＞0.05).Post-intervention scores in all dimensions and the total score were significantly higher in both groups,with the observation group again scoring higher than the control group(P＜0.05).Similarly,no statistically sig-nificant differences were found in the six dimensions(nutrition,self-realization,physical activity,health responsibility,in-terpersonal relationship,and stress regulation)and total score of the Health-Promoting Lifestyle Profile(HPLP)before in-tervention(P＞0.05).Post-intervention scores in these dimensions and the total score were significantly higher in the ob-servation group than in the control group(P＜0.05).Before intervention,no significant differences were found in the eight dimensions(mental health,activity,social function,emotional function,physical function,general health,physical pain,and physical function)and total score of the Chinese version of the SF-36 Quality of Life Scale between the two groups(P＞0.05).However,post-intervention scores in these dimensions and the total score were significantly higher in the observation group compared to the control group(P＜0.05).Conclusion Comprehensive nursing intervention based on behavioral goal achievement helps promote disease cognition,improve self-management ability,promote healthy behaviors,and increase the quality of life in COPD patients during remission.This approach is worthy of clinical promotion.
维普
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