Hospital surveillance results and analysis of birth defects in Zhonglou district of Changzhou city
Objective To understand the spectrum and incidence trend of birth defects in hospitals in Zhonglou District of Changzhou City,to study their epidemiological characteristics and possible influencing factors,in order to explore interven-tion measures to reduce birth defects.Methods Pregnant women who delivered in obstetric institutions in Zhonglou District of Changzhou City from January 1,2019,to December 31,2023,with pregnancies of 28 weeks or more to within 7 days af-ter birth,and induced abortions of less than 28 weeks,were selected as the study participants.Data related to birth defects were collected,and the incidence of birth defects was calculated to explore the distribution and rank of birth defect types,as well as possible influencing factors.Results The overall incidence of birth defects throughout the pregnancy in the popula-tion of Zhonglou District from 2019 to 2023,was 5.58％,and the incidence of birth defects in perinatal infants was 3.92％.Significant differences were noted in the incidence of birth defects in perinatal infants born at different times(x2=113.00,P＜0.001);the overall trend of the incidence of birth defects in perinatal infants from 2019 to 2023 was increasing(xtrend=16.13,P＜0.001).Significant differences were found in the incidence of birth defects in perinatal infants delivered by preg-nant women of different age groups(P＜0.05),with the highest incidence in the group under 20 years old and the lowest in the 25-29 years old group.Moreover,significant differences were observed in the incidence of birth defects in perinatal in-fants delivered by pregnant women with different educational levels(P＜0.05),with the incidence of birth defects increas-ing as the educational level of the pregnant women decreased.There were statistically significant differences in the incidence of birth defects in perinatal infants delivered by pregnant women with different numbers of pregnancies(P＜0.05),with the lowest incidence in the second pregnancy and the highest in the fourth pregnancy or more.Additionally,the incidence of birth defects in perinatal infants conceived through assisted reproductive technology was significantly higher than in those conceived naturally(P＜0.05).Among the 1 968 perinatal infants with birth defects,there were 1 362 cases of congenital heart disease,with the highest incidence(2.71％),accounting for 69.20％of all birth defects and ranking first.Conclusion The incidence of birth defects in Zhonglou District of Changzhou City remains relatively high.Low age and advanced age of pregnant women,low education level,multiple pregnancies,assisted reproductive technology,and four or more pregnan-cies may be risk factors affecting birth defects in perinatal infants.Birth defect prevention and control efforts in this regard require sustained attention.
万方数据
维普
