Diagnostic value of serum IFN-γ,IL-10,and ADA in active tuberculosis and their correlation with treatment efficacy
Objective To explore the diagnostic effectiveness of serum interferon-γ(IFN-γ),interleukin-10(IL-10),and a-denosine deaminase(ADA)in active pulmonary tuberculosis and analyze the correlation between IFN-γ,IL-10,ADA levels and treatment efficacy,aiming to provide a reference for clinical treatment.Methods A total of 44 patients with active pul-monary tuberculosis treated at our hospital from June 2020 to July 2022 were selected as the active group,40 patients with non-active pulmonary tuberculosis as the non-active group,and 38 healthy individuals undergoing physical examinations dur-ing the same period as the healthy group.The levels of IFN-γ,IL-10,and ADA were compared among the three groups at baseline,and the diagnostic efficacy of IFN-γ,IL-10,and ADA alone and in combination(parallel test method)for active pulmonary tuberculosis was analyzed.The clinical treatment effects of patients with active pulmonary tuberculosis after 6 months of treatment were statistically analyzed.Furthermore,the changes in serum IFN-γ,IL-10,and ADA levels before and after 6 months of treatment in patients with different treatment outcomes were observed,and the factors affecting the treatment efficacy of patients with active pulmonary tuberculosis were also analyzed.Results The levels of IFN-γ,IL-10,and ADA in the active group were higher than those in the non-active group and the healthy group;the levels of IFN-γ,IL-10,and ADA in the non-active group were higher than those in the healthy group,with statistically significant differences(P<0.05).The sensitivity,specificity,and AUC(95%CI)of combined diagnosis of IFN-γ,IL-10,and ADA for active pulmonary tuberculosis were 90.00%,89.00%,and 0.883(0.860-0.905),respectively,which were higher than those of IFN-γ,IL-10,and ADA alone in diagnosing active pulmonary tuberculosis.After treatment,36 patients in the active group were effective and 8 were ineffective.A statistically significant difference was noted in the distribution of disease severity be-tween the two groups(P<0.05).Before treatment,no statistically significant difference was noted in the levels of IFN-γ,IL-10,and ADA between the two groups(P>0.05).After treatment,the levels of IFN-γ,IL-10,and ADA in both groups showed a decline,and the effective group was lower than the ineffective group,with statistically significant differ-ences(P<0.05).The results of multiple regression analysis showed disease severity and levels of IFN-γ,IL-10,and ADA were independent influencing factors for the treatment efficacy of patients with active pulmonary tuberculosis(P<0.05).Conclusion The levels of IFN-γ,IL-10,and ADA are elevated in patients with active pulmonary tuberculosis and can serve as potential differential diagnostic indicators for active pulmonary tuberculosis,and are significantly correlated with the treat-ment efficacy of active pulmonary tuberculosis.Therefore,dynamic detection of IFN-γ,IL-10,and ADA levels has a high reference value for evaluating treatment efficacy.
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