Ecological Functions and Diversity Conservation Needs of Major Macrobenthos in Mangrove Wetlands
Macrobenthos are consumers in mangrove wetlands,as well as important secondary productivity and economic groups,and are key links in the material cycle and energy flow in mangrove wetland ecosystems.The complexity of mangrove wetland environment and the lack of taxonomic data of macrobenthos lead to the lack of understanding of the ecological functions and diversity maintenance mechanisms of macrobenthos in mangrove wetlands,which further makes it extremely difficult and pays little attention to the diversity of macrobenthos in the protection and restoration of existing mangrove wetland ecosystems.Macrobenthos in mangrove wetlands are currently facing multiple stresses,including habitat loss and transformation,invasion of alien species,pollution and overfishing.The ecological functions of the major macrobenthos groups in man-grove wetlands are summarized in this article,the importance of habitat heterogeneity of mangrove wetland to maintain the diversity of macrobenthos is expounded,and the key role of the mangrove wetland as'veqetation-mudflat-creek'landscape complexes in maintaining the biodiversity is emphasized.The future re-search needs to strengthen the construction of basic databases such as community characteristics and biodi-versity of macrobenthos in mangrove wetlands,and clarify the spatial variation of macrobenthos communi-ties.For the areas and biological groups that have been seriously disturbed by fishing activities,it is recom-mended to gradually promote the'alternate mudflat closing for benthos recovery'to promote the restoration of diversity,so as to realize the sustainable utilization of biological resources of macrobenthos.In the future,the protection and restoration planning of mangrove wetlands should consider the habitat needs of various groups of macrobenthos,create different understory habitats through the matching of mangrove species,and leave extra non-vegetation habitats for macrobenthos while restoring mangrove vegetation.
万方数据
维普
