Effect of Temperature and Photoperiod on the Pupa-tion of Bactrocera minax
To investigate the effects of temperature and photoperiod on the pupation of Bactroc-era minax larvae,the pupation durations,pupation rates,and pupation progress of B.minax were re-corded at the temperatures of 5℃,10℃,15℃,20℃ and 25℃,and the photoperiods of 8 L:16 D,10 L:14 D,12 L:12 D,14 L:10 D and 16 L:8 D.The results indicated that the photoperiod had no significant impact on pupation durations,pupation rates and pupation progress,while the tempera-ture significantly affected the pupation durations and progress of B.minax but had no significant im-pact on pupation rates.At 10℃ and 15℃,the pupation durations were shorter,being 2.73 d and 2.47 d,respectively.And it did not significantly prolong at 5℃ and 20℃ but significantly extended to 7.40 d at 25℃.At 10℃ and 15℃,pupation progressed most rapidly,with pupation completed on the 5th day.Subsequently,at 5℃ and 20℃,pupation was completed on the 10th day.While at 25℃,pupation extended until the 21st day.In conclusion,10℃ and 15℃ were suitable for the pupation of Bactrocera minax.Relatively low temperatures(5℃)and high temperatures(25℃)both delayed the pupation progress,and the effect was more pronounced at relatively high temperatures(25 ℃),re-sulting in an extended pupation duration.
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