杜甫《行次昭陵》系年新考
A New Research on the Chronology of Du Fu's Poem Xingci Zhaoling
李煜东1
作者信息
摘要
杜诗《行次昭陵》的系年尚无定论.学者多认为前代注家是为了弥合典故而将诗句"铁马汗常趋"中的"铁马"改为"石马",但实际上宋人注重的是"马"与"汗"的关联,异文辨析无法坐实讨论.从史事及其他诗人的使用来看,"马"与"汗"的本事不仅与唐廷在安史之乱中的败局相关,甚至暗示唐廷的短暂覆灭——倘若使用此种负面典故,就与极力称赞太宗功业的诗篇主题不合.还有学者提出此诗作于至德二载杜甫从长安出奔凤翔时,但从具体情形和诗中"幽人"一词的内涵而言,这种可能性很小.在此基础上,结合前人部分论点,可知《行次昭陵》不应系在安史之乱爆发后.安史之乱前杜甫八次出入长安,通过排除法并参照《重经昭陵》,《行次昭陵》当作于天宝五六载杜甫入长安之际.
Abstract
The chronology of Du Fu's poem Xingci Zhaoling remains uncertain.Most scholars believe that the earlier annotators altered the phrase"tie ma"in the poem into"shi ma"in order to align with certain allusion.However,in reality,scholars of the Song Dynasty focused on the the relationship between"ma"and"han",so we can't set down a conclusion by the perspective of different text discrimination.Considering historical events and the usage by other poets,the significance of"ma"and"han"is not only related to the defeat of the Tang dynasty in the An-Shi Rebellion,but also implies the short-term collapse of the dynasty.The utilization of such a negative allusion is inconsistent with the theme of praising Taizong's achievements.Additionally,some scholars propose that the poem was composed in the second year of Zhide when Du Fu fled from Chang'an to Fengxiang.However,given the specific circumstances and the connotation of the term"you ren",this possibility is very unlikely.Based on this assessment,combined with previous arguments,it can be inferred that Xingci Zhaoling should not be dated after the outbreak of the An Shi Rebellion.Prior to the rebellion,Du Fu entered and exited Chang'an eight times.Through exclusion and referring to the Chongjing Zhaoling,it is most likely that the poem was written when Du Fu entered Chang'an in the fifth years of Tianbao.
关键词
杜甫/《行次昭陵》/《重经昭陵》/典故/系年引用本文复制引用
出版年
2024
NETL
NSTL
万方数据